IMF: oil prices to jump 30% on Iran sanctions

Oil prices will gain 30 percent on average in 2012 compared with a year earlier on possible supply disruption from Iran, the International Monetary Fund warned.

 

The IMF in its new annual report of World Economic outlook has said that “Iran-related geopolitical oil supply risks extend beyond the reduction in oil production and exports that appears to be in the making already and is priced in by markets.”

 

The following is the text of IMF’s report:

 

The impact on oil prices of a potential or actual disruption in oil supplies involving the Islamic Republic of Iran––the world’s third largest exporter of crude oil––would be large if not offset by supply increases elsewhere. 
 

A halt of Iran’s exports to Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) economies (if not offset) would likely trigger an initial oil price increase of about 20 to 30 percent, with other producers or emergency stock releases likely providing some offset over time––a part of this is likely priced in already.
 

 Further uncertainty about oil supply disruptions could trigger a much larger price spike. 

A negative supply shock raises the real price of oil by slightly more than 50 percent on average over the first two years. This reduces the already sluggish growth of real household income and raises production costs, eroding profitability. 
 

These factors undermine the recovery in private consumption and investment growth for economies in all regions, except for net oil exporters. At the global level, output is reduced by about 1¼ percent. The short-term impact could be significantly larger if the adverse oil shock damages confidence or spills over to financial markets, effects that are not included in this scenario.

 

Oil prices rose sharply during 2010 and early 2011 to about $115 a barrel, then eased to about $100 a barrel, and now are back up to about $115 a barrel.

 Production recovered in Libya but fell in various other Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) producers, and non-OPEC output remained relatively weak. In addition, geopolitical risks––notably those centered on the Islamic Republic of Iran—have boosted oil prices. Projections for 2012–13 assume that oil prices recede to about $110 a barrel in 2013, in line with prices in futures markets, but in the current environment low stocks and limited spare capacity present important upside risks.

 

In the current environment of limited policy room, there is also the possibility that several adverse shocks could interact to produce a major slump reminiscent of the 1930s. For instance, intensified concern about an oil supply shock related to the Islamic Republic of Iran could cause a spike in oil prices that depresses output in the euro area, amplifying adverse feedback loops between the household, sovereign, and banking sectors. 

In the meantime, the oil price shock could also trigger a reassessment of the sustainability of credit booms and potential growth in emerging Asia, leading to hard landings in these economies.

 This could, in turn, prompt a collapse in non-oil commodity prices that would hurt many emerging and developing economies, especially in Latin America and Africa. More generally, a concurrent rise in global risk aversion could lead to a sudden reversal of capital flows to emerging and developing economies.

 

As a result of the recent EU oil import embargo, other countries’ tighter sanctions, and Iran’s partial oil export embargo, the potential Iranian oil supply shock is morphing into an actual shock because lower Iranian oil production and exports seem inevitable during 2012 and beyond. The extent and speed of the decline, however, are difficult to predict: outcomes will depend on economic and strategic considerations of a small number of players, including major emerging net importers.

The larger the reduction in the Iranian oil supply, the greater the risk of global oil market tightening. For example, a reduction in oil exports equal to total exports to OECD economies would amount to about 1½ million barrels a day, equivalent to a shock of about 2.4 times the standard deviation of regular fluctuations in global production 

 

Iran-related geopolitical oil supply risks extend beyond the reduction in oil production and exports that appears to be in the making already and is priced in by markets. Iran’s location at the Strait of Hormuz, the choke point for shipment of about 40 percent of global oil exports (25 percent of global production), and its geographic proximity to other major oil producers means that there is a risk of a large-scale, possibly unprecedented, oil supply disruption in the event of military conflict or attempts to close the

strait.
 

 Given the low responsiveness of global oil demand to price changes in the short term, such oil supply disruption would require a very large price response to maintain global supply-demand balance.

http://tehrantimes.com

His Red Bike

Paul has a red bicycle. He loves his red bicycle. He got the red bicycle for his ninth birthday. His parents gave him his bike when he was nine. He takes care of his bike. He puts air in both tires. He puts air in the front tire. He puts air in the rear tire. He puts oil on the bike chain. He wipes dirt off the bike with a damp rag. He puts water on the rag and wipes all the dirt away. He rides his bike everywhere. He rides it to school. He rides it to the library. He rides it to his friend’s house. He really loves his bike.

Short Girl

Margaret was a small girl. She was a little girl. All her friends were taller than her. She was shorter than all her friends. She wanted to be tall. Her mom told her not to worry. One day Margaret would be tall. One day she would be taller than her friends. One day all her friends would be shorter than her. She was happy to hear that. She only had one question for her mom. When would she be taller than her friends? Would it be next year? She hoped it would be next year. She was tired of being the shortest girl.

Add Numbers

Maria was learning to add numbers. She liked to add numbers. It was easy to add numbers. She could add one and one. She knew that one and one are two. She knew that two and two are four. She knew that three and three are six. But that was it. She didn’t know what four and four are. She asked her mom. Her mom told her that four and four are eight. "Oh, now I know," Maria said. "I am four years old now. In four more years, I will be eight." Maria was a fast learner. She wasn’t a slow learner.

Cold Weather

Thomas was not hot. He was not warm either. He was cold. The weather was not hot. The weather was not warm either. The weather was cold. Thomas did not like to be cold. He looked for his jacket. He found his jacket. He put on his jacket. But he was still cold. He looked at the windows. Were all the windows closed? Yes, they were. They were all closed. None of the windows were open. He looked at the door. The door wasn’t open. It was closed. He was still cold. He looked for a warmer jacket.

Iran has no intention to halt 20% enrichment: Jalili

TEHRAN - The secretary of Iran’s Supreme National Security Council, Saeed Jalili, has said that Tehran does not intend to stop producing uranium enriched to a purity level of 20 percent.  

 

Jalili, who is Iran’s chief nuclear negotiator, made the remarks during a press conference in Istanbul on Saturday after two rounds of talks between representatives of Iran and the 5+1 group (the United States, Britain, France, Russia, China, and Germany), which ended a 15-month hiatus in talks. 

 

EU foreign policy chief Catherine Ashton represented the 5+1 group in the nuclear negotiations and Jalili headed the Iranian delegation. 

 

The two sides agreed to meet again in Baghdad on May 23, and Helga Schmid, the deputy secretary general for political affairs of the European External Action Service, and Ali Baqeri, the deputy secretary of Iran’s Supreme National Security Council, were tasked with drawing up an agenda for the Baghdad talks. 

 

According to Reuters, Jalili made it clear at the press conference that Iran has no intention to halt operations at its plants that enrich uranium to contain 20 percent fissile material.   

 

Referring to Iran’s rights, which have been stipulated in the nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty, Jalili said, “Enrichment of uranium is one of these rights that every individual member state should benefit from and enjoy for peaceful purposes.”  

 

The main bone of contention between Tehran and the West is Iran’s uranium enrichment program. 

 

Iran says all its nuclear activities are totally peaceful, and, as an International Atomic Energy Agency member and a signatory to the NPT, it has the legal right to produce nuclear fuel for its research reactors and nuclear power plants. 

 

Commenting on the talks, Jalili stated, “We witnessed progress. There were differences of opinion… But the points we agreed on were important.” 

 

Jalili also said, “The next talks should be based on confidence-building measures, which would build the confidence of Iranians.” 

 

The continuation of the talks and their success depend on the adoption of the “approach of dialogue” rather than other approaches, he stated. 

 

He also mentioned the fatwa (religious edict) that Supreme Leader of the Islamic Revolution Ayatollah Seyyed Ali Khamenei has issued declaring that the production, stockpiling, and use of nuclear weapons are all haram (prohibited in Islam).

 

Jalili noted that the Leader’s fatwa has “created an opportunity for concrete steps toward disarmament and non-proliferation.”

 

Ashton says Istanbul talks were constructive, useful  

 

Ashton also attended a press conference after the Istanbul talks, during which she stated, “The discussion on the Iranian nuclear issue has been constructive and useful.”

 

She also said, “We want now to move to a sustained process of serious dialogue, where we can take urgent, practical steps to build confidence.” 

 

The negotiators will take a “step-by-step” approach, Ashton added, noting, “We will meet on May 23 in Baghdad.”  

 

The Western participants had previously said that agreeing to meet for a second round of talks would constitute a successful day, according to Reuters. 

 

Russian Deputy Foreign Minister Sergei Rybakov, who led the Russian delegation, told the Interfax news agency on Saturday, “The atmosphere is constructive, the conversation is businesslike. As of the moment, things are going well.”  

 

In addition, EU foreign policy spokesman Michael Mann said on Saturday that the meeting between Iran and the major powers had been “positive” and “totally different” than the last meeting. 

  http://www.tehrantimes.com

Trash Day

Jennifer pulled the trash can out to the street. She pulled the trash can out to the street on Monday morning. Monday was trash day. The trash truck came to her house. The truck had a metal arm. The metal arm picked up the trash can. It raised the trash can into the sky. It emptied the trash can into the truck. Then the arm put the can back on the street. On Monday afternoon Jennifer walked out to the street. The trash can was empty. She pulled the trash can back into her yard. Next Monday she would pull it out to the street again.

Who Is It

Joseph never opens the front door. When someone knocks on the front door, Joseph says, "Who is it?" But he does not open the door. His parents told him to keep the door closed. His parents want him to be safe. He will be safe if he doesn’t open the door. Yesterday someone knocked on the front door. "Who is it?" Joseph asked. "It’s the mailman," the person said. "I cannot open the door," Joseph said. "Okay, I will come back tomorrow," the mailman said. "Goodbye," Joseph said. Joseph is a good boy. He listens to his parents. He doesn’t open the door for any person.

Clean Hands

Elizabeth washes her hands every day. She likes to wash her hands. She washes her hands with soap and water. She uses soap and water to wash her hands. She uses warm water and soap. She washes her hands for 30 seconds. After 30 seconds she stops washing her hands. She turns off the water. She dries her hands on a clean towel. Every few hours she turns on the water and washes her hands. Elizabeth has very clean hands. She does not have many germs on her hands. Germs cannot live on her clean hands.

خوش‌بینی به خدا

امام رضا (علیه‌ السلام):

أحْسِنِ الظَّنَ بِاللهِ فَإنَّ مَنْ حَسَّنَ ظَنَّهُ بِاللهِ کانَ اللهُ عِنْدَ ظَنِّهِ.

به خداوند خوش‌بین باش؛ زیرا هرکه به خداوند خوش‌بین باشد، خداوند طبق گمانش رفتار خواهد کرد.

Have a good opinion of God, for whoever has a good opinion of God He will treat him in the same way.

 

تحف العقول، ص 472

Bug in a Bottle

Charles found a glass bottle. He found the glass bottle in his back yard. It was a pretty glass bottle. It was dark green. He looked inside the dark green bottle. He couldn’t see anything. He shook the bottle. Something came out of the bottle. It landed on the ground. It was a bug. Charles picked up the bug. He looked at it. The bug looked at Charles. Charles put the bottle back on the ground. He put the bug on the ground, next to the bottle. The bug crawled back into the bottle.

A Funny Story

Barbara likes funny stories. She likes to hear funny stories. She likes to tell funny stories. She told her mom a funny story. When she finished, she waited for her mom to laugh. "Mom, why aren’t you laughing? That was a funny story," Barbara said. "Oh, I’m sorry," her mom said. "Sometimes you think something is funny, but someone else thinks it isn’t funny." So, Barbara’s mom did not laugh at Barbara’s story. Barbara told the same story to her younger sister. Her younger sister laughed at the story.

A Thin Man

Richard is a light eater. He doesn’t eat much. He isn’t a heavy eater. He eats a light breakfast, a light lunch, and a light dinner. Richard is not fat. He is thin. He will always be thin, because he is a light eater. He eats a bowl of cereal for breakfast. He eats a bowl of cereal with milk. He eats a sandwich for lunch. Sometimes it’s a fish sandwich. He likes fish. He eats rice and vegetables for dinner. All he eats for dinner is rice and vegetables. He will never get fat.

Buy a New Car

Linda wants to buy a new car. She has an old car. Her old car is a white Honda. Linda wants to buy a new Honda. She wants to buy a new red Honda. She has saved $1,000. She will use $1,000 to help buy the new car. She will give $1,000 to the Honda dealer. The Honda dealer will give her a contract to sign. The contract will require her to pay $400 a month for seven years. Her new red Honda will cost Linda a lot of money. But that’s okay, because Linda makes a lot of money.

Fresh Fish

Mike was ready for bed. It was 11 o’clock. He had to get up early the next day. The next day he was going fishing. Fish wake up early. They look for food early in the day. They look for food late in the day. The best time to fish is early or late in the day. That is when the fish are hungry. Mike set his alarm. He set his alarm for 5 o’clock. The next day he would start fishing at 6 o’clock. He wanted to catch four or five fish. If he caught four or five fish, he could eat fresh fish all week. Fresh fish is the best fish. Mike went to bed.

Go to Work

Patricia did not have much time. It was time to go to work. She did not want to be late for work. She would lose her job if she was late. She finished her coffee. She drank the last drop. She put the coffee cup in the kitchen sink. She turned on the kitchen faucet. She poured water into the cup. She turned off the faucet. She picked up her keys. The keys were on the kitchen table. She grabbed her gray coat. Her gray coat was on the chair. The chair was next to the door. She walked outside. She locked her door with her house key.

Fatimah az-Zahra - Peace be Upon her

Hadrat Fatimah did not survive more than seventy-five day after the demise of her father. she breathed her last on the 14th jumada'l - ula 11 AH. Before her demise she bequeathed the following as her will to Imam 'Ali: 1. O ` Ali, you will personally perform my funeral rites. 2. Those who have displeased my should not be allowed to attend my funeral. 3 .My corpse should be carried to the graveyard at right. Thus Imam ` compliance with her will , performed all the funeral rites and accompanied exclusively by her relatives and sons carried her at night to Jannatu l-Baqi, where she was laid to rest and her wishes fulfilled.The Holy Prophet said:"whoever injures (bodily or sentimentally ) Fatimah, injures me ; and whoever injures me injures Allah; and whoever injures Allah practices unbelief. O Fatimah ! If your wrath is incurred, it incurs the wrath of Allah; and if you are happy, it makes Allah happy too."M.H. shakir writers:Fatimah, the only daughter of the Holy prophet of Islam, was born I Mecca on 20 Th. Jumada ' th - thaniyah 18 BH. The good and noble lady Khadijah and the apostle of Allah bestowed all their natural love, care and devotion on their lovable and only child Fatimah, who in her turn was extremely fond of her parents. The princess of the House of the Prophet, was very intelligent, accomplished and cheerful. Her sermons, poems and sayings serve, as an index to her strength of character and nobility of mind. Her virtues gained her the title " Our Lady of light. she was tall, slender and endowed with great beauty, which caused her to be called " az - Zahra' " ( the Lady of Light). she was called az - Zahra' because her light used to shine among those in Heaven. After arriving in Medina, she was married to ` Ali , in the first year hijrah, and she gave birth to three sons and two daughters. Her children, Hasan, Husayn, Zaynab and umm kul-thum. are well - known for their piety , goodness and generosity Their strength of chracter and actions changed the course of history. The Holy Prophet said, " Fatimah is a peace of my heart". He would go out to receive his doughtier whenever she come from her husband's house.Every morning on his way to the Mosque, he would pass by Fatimah's house and say: " as-salamu ` alaykum ya ahlul-Bayti`n-nubuwwah wa ma` dani ` r - risala " ( peace be on you O the Household of prophet hood and the source of Messengership) Fatimah is famous and acknowledged as the " sayyidatu 'n-nisa'i ' l-alamin " ( Leader of all the women of the world for all times ) because the Prophethood of Muhammad would not have been everlasting without her. The Prophet is the perfect example for men, but could not be so for women. For all the verses revealed in the Holy Qur'an for women, Fatimah is the perfect model, who translated every year into action. In her lifetime, she was a complete woman, being Daughter, wife and Mother at the some time.Muhammad during his lifetime, gave Fatimah a gift of very extensive farm lands, famous as Fadak, which were documented in her name, as her absolute personal property. An heiress to the remainder of her mother`s wealth, a princess who was the only daughter of the holy prophet who was also a ruler, a lady whose husband was the conqueror of Arab tribes and second only to her father in and position, Fatimah could have led a luxurious life. But in spite of her wealth and possessions, she worked, dressed, ate and lived very simply . she was very generous; and none who come to her door, when away empty handed. Many times she gave away her all and herself went without food. As a daughter, she loved her parents so much , that she won their love and regard to such and extent that the Holy prophet used to rise, whenever she come near him As a wife, she was very devoted.She never asked ` Ali for anything in her whole life. As a mother , she cared for and brought up wonderful children; they have lift their marks on the face of the world , which time will not be able to eraze. The death of the Apostle, affected her very much and she was very sad and grief- striken and wept her heart out crying all the time. unfortunately, after the death of the prophet, the government confiscated her famous land of Fadak and gave it to the state. Fatimah was pushed behind her him door ( when they attacked the house of ` Ali and took him to force him accept the caliphate of Abu Baker), so that the child , she was carrying was hurt and the baby boy Muhsin was still born.Her house was set on fire by the Government. The tragedy of her father's death and the unkindness of her fathers`s followers, were too much for the good , gently and sensitive lady and she breathed her last on 14 Th. Jumada ` l - ula 11 AH, exactly seventy - five days after the death of her father, the Holy prophet of Islam. Fatimah died in the prime of her life at the age of eighteen, and was buried in jannatu 'l-Baqi ` Medina.http://www.hadith.net

Chocolate Milk

James took the milk out of the refrigerator. He put the carton of milk on the counter. He took the cap off the carton of milk. He opened the kitchen cabinet. He took a glass out of the cabinet. He put the glass on the counter next to the milk. He poured some milk into the glass. He put the cap back on the carton of milk. He put the milk back into the refrigerator. He took the chocolate syrup out of the refrigerator. He poured some chocolate syrup into the glass of milk. He stirred the milk with a spoon. He licked the spoon.

Red Berry

Mary ate a blueberry. She loved blueberries. Then she ate a blackberry. She loved blackberries. Then she ate a strawberry. She loved strawberries. Mary was confused. A blueberry is blue, so you call it a blueberry. A blackberry is black, so you call it a blackberry. A strawberry is red. So, why don’t you call it a redberry? Mary asked her mom. Her mom didn’t know. She asked her dad. Her dad didn’t know. She asked her little brother. "Because a red berry is a cherry!" her brother said.

The Jumper

Johnny jumped over the dog. The dog was lying on the ground. Johnny jumped over it. The dog saw Johnny jump over it. The dog got up. The dog got up and barked at Johnny. Johnny laughed. He laughed while the dog barked. Johnny ran over to the fence. The dog chased him to the fence. Johnny jumped over the fence. He turned around and looked at the dog. The dog stopped at the fence. The dog could not jump over the fence. Johnny said, "Jump, jump!" The dog barked, but did not jump.

Row Your Boat

Brenda sang a song. She sang the song while she walked to school. The name of the song was "Row, Row, Row Your Boat." Brenda liked to sing this song. It was her favorite song to sing. She sang it every day while she walked to school. Sometimes she sang it with her best friend. Sometimes her best friend walked to school with Brenda. Then they both sang the song together. Brenda liked the song because it was easy to remember the words. "Row, row, row your boat?are easy words to remember.

Yellow Corn

Brian sat down for dinner. He sat down in the chair. He sat down at the table. He looked at his white plate. He looked at his silver fork. He looked at his silver spoon. His dad said, "Pass me your plate, Brian." His dad put white rice on the plate. His dad put yellow corn on the plate. His dad put green peas on the plate. He gave the plate back to Brian. "This looks delicious," Brian said. "It is delicious," his dad said. Brian wondered why corn was yellow. He wondered why peas were green. He wondered if there were yellow peas and green corn.

Vegetables and fruits

Vegetables

artichoke	کنگر فرنگی
asparagus	مارچوبه
beet	چغندر
broccoli	نوعی گل کلم
cabbage	کلم، سر کلم
carrot	هویج
cauliflower	گل کلم
celery	کرفس
chili peppers	فلفل قرمز
corn	ذرت
cucumber	خیار
eggplant	بادنجان
garlic	سیر
green bean	لوبیا سبز
green onion	پیازچه
green peppers	فلفل سبز
lettuce	کاهو
mushroom	قارچ
onion	پیاز
parsley	جعفری
pea	نخود فرنگی
potato	سیب زمینی
radish	تربچه
scallion	موسیر
spinach	اسفناج
squash	کدو تنبل
string been	لوبیا سبز
sweet potato	سثب زمینی شیرین
tomato	گوجه فرنگی
turnip	شلغم
yam	سیب زمینی هندی
zucchini	کدو

 

Fruits

apple	سیب
apricot	زرد آلو
avocado	اوکادو
banana	موز
cantaloupe	طالبی
cherry	گیلاس
coconut	نارگیل
date	خرما
grape	انگور
grapefruit	گریپ فروت
lemon	لیمو
lime	لیمو ترش
mango	انبه
nut	اجیل
orange	پرتقال
papaya	عنبه هندی
peach	هلو
pear	گلابی
pineapple	آناناس
plum	آلو
prune	آلو بخارا
raisin	کشمش
raspberry	تمشک
strawberry	توت فرنگی
tangerine	نارنگی
watermelon	هندوانه

 

http://translation-teaching.blogfa.com

Horse Rider

"Can I ride my horse, Mommy?" Sara asked her mom. Sara loved to ride her horse. She rode her horse almost every Saturday. "Okay, honey, get ready to go," her mom said. Sara was happy. She went into her bedroom. She put her pink socks on. She put her pink sneakers on. She grabbed her pink hat. She went to the front door. "I’m going to wait in the car," she told her mom. "Okay, I’ll be there in a minute," her mom said. Sara opened the car door. She sat down in the front seat. She put on her hat. She was excited.

Musa ibn Ja'far al-Kazim - Peace be Upon him

Name: Musa
Title: al-Kazim
Agnomen: Abu Ibrahim
Father's name: Ja'far as-Sadiq
Mother's name: Hamidah al-Barbariyyah
Birth: In Abwa' (between Mecca and Medina) on Sunday, 7th Safar 128 AH
Death: Died at the age of 55, in Baghdad, on 25th Rajab 183 AH; poisoned by Harun ar-Rashid; buried in al-Kazimiyyah, Baghdad.

---

Imam Musa al-Kazim is the Seventh Apostolic Imam. His epithet was Abu 'I-Hasan and his famous title was al-Kazim. His matchless devotion and worship of God has also earned him the title of "'Abdu's.-Salih" (virtuous slave of God). Generosity was synonymous with his name and no beggar ever returned from his door empty handed. Even after his death, he continued to be obliging and was generous to his devotees who came to his holy tomb with prayers and behests which were invariably granted by God. Thus, one of his additional titles is also "Babu 'l-Hawaij" (the door to fulfilling needs).

* * *

Parents

The Holy Imam Musa al-Kazim was the son of Imam Ja'far as-Sadiq, the Sixth Imam. The name of his mother was Hamidah, the daughter of a noble man hailing from the states of Barbary.

* * *

Childhood

Imam Musa al-Kazim passed twenty years of his sacred life under the gracious patronage of his holy father. His inherent genius and gifted virtues combined with the enlightened guidance and education from the Holy Imam Ja'far as-Sadiq, showed in the manifestation of his future personality. He was fully versed with the Divine Knowledge even in his childhood. al-'Allamah al-Majlisi relates that once Abu Hanifah happened to call upon the holy abode of Imam Ja'far as-Sadiq to ask him about some religious matters masail). The Imam was asleep and so he kept waiting outside till the Imam's awakening. Meanwhile, Imam Musa al-Kazim, who was then five years old, came out of his house. Abu Hanifah, after offering him his best compliments, enquired: "O the son of the Holy Prophet ! what is your opinion about the deeds of a man? Does he do them by himself or does God make him do them?" "O Abu Hanifah", the five years old Imam replied at once, in the typical tone of his ancestors, "the doings of a man are confined to three possibilities. First, that God alone does them while the man is quite helpless. Second, that both God and the man do equally share the commitment. Third, that man does them alone. Now, if the first assumption is true, it obviously proves the unjustness of God who punishes His creatures for sins which they have not committed. And if the second condition be acceptable, even then God becomes unjust if He punishes the man for the crimes in which He is equally a partner. But the undesirability of both these conditions is evident in the case of God. Thus, we are naturally left with the third alternative to the problem that men are absolutely responsible for their own doings."

http://www.hadith.net/

Lost Pencil

David lost his yellow pencil. He could not find it. "Where is my yellow pencil?" he asked his sister. His sister did not know. "I don’t know where your pencil is," she said. David thought about it. He thought and thought. He used his yellow pencil before lunch. He used it to write a note to his teacher. The note said, "Dear teacher, Thank you for helping me. David." He put the note in an envelope. Where was the envelope? He looked in the kitchen. He looked on the kitchen counter. He found the envelope. It was next to the toaster. He found the pencil. It was under the toaster.

A Long Life

Nancy wants to live a long time. She wants to live for one hundred years. She is five years old now. She wants to live 95 more years. Then she will be 100. Her father is 30 years old. He wants to live a long time, too. He wants to live for one hundred years. He wants to live for 70 more years. "Daddy, we will grow old together, okay?" Nancy said to her father. "Yes, honey, we will grow old together," he said to Nancy. Then Nancy smiled. She gave her daddy a big hug.

Telephone Conversation - Phrases

Communicating via telephone can be a very difficult task for non-native English speakers, even sometimes for native English speakers. There are so many different dialects, local words/phrases, and accents. There are some common phrases and words that are used. There are some common basic words and phrases that are commonly used to conduct a telephone conversation.

Common Telephone Phrases for the Person Make The Phone Call (Caller)

Greeting -

• Hi - Hello - Hello, how are you?
• good morning - good afternoon -good evening

Introductions -

• This is .... (give your name)
• This is ....( give your name, from (state place, or company).
• Hello this ...(give your name)

Requesting Someone -

• May I please speak to .... (give the person's name)
• I would like to speak to...(give the person's name)
• Is ....(give the person's name) available.
• Is it possible to speak to ....(give the person's name).
• I need to speak to ....(give the person's name)

When Party (the person you are trying to call) is Unavailable

• May I leave a message, please?
• Do you know when he/she will be available?
• Do you know when he/she will return to the office/home?
• I will call back latter/in an hour/tomorrow.
• Please tell him .....(give your name) called, and I will call latter/call again.
• Please have him/she call me back.
• May I leave my telephone number? My phone number is.....(give your number)?
• Please have him/her contact at ......(state a place or a phone number).
• Where/How can I reach him/her?
• What is her/his mobile phone number/Cell/Cellular phone number?

Faxes

• May I send you a fax?
• What is your fax number?
• Did you receive my fax?
• I send a fax to..... (give person's name), did he.she receive it?

Asking for Information

Other Useful Telephone Phrases/Words

• The number is busy.
• My I hold on the line.
• I sorry can't hear you.
• I sorry I can't understand you.
• Please speak slowly, I am having a difficult time understanding you.
• Who am I speaking to?
• Who is calling?
• The line was disconnected.
• Please connect me to ....(give the name or the person, or the extensions)

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Wishes & Verb Tenses

How do we use the grammar form "wish"?

Wishes is used to state the desire of a situation to be different. Wishes can be used to used in the past, present and future.

Rules for wishes:

The verb tense is different then the time.

Past Tense - uses the Past Perfect Verb Tense

Examples:

• I wish I had studied for my test last night.
• I wish my car hadn't broken down.

Present Tense - uses the Past Tense (were is used for all subjects, was is not used).

Examples:

• I wish it weren't raining all day.
• I wish I were rich.

Future Tense - after wish would is used.

Examples:

• I wish it would stop raining.
• I wish the people next door would lower there radio.

Modal Verbs and Wishes - When verbs are used with wishes the sentence structure is Modal Verb + Have + V3/Past Participle

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